What is an example of a predefined value in function parameters?

A predefined value in function parameters refers to a default value that is assigned to a parameter. This value allows the function to be called with fewer arguments than it has parameters, as the predefined value will be used when no argument is supplied for that parameter.

In the given correct example, the function is defined with last_name having a default value of "Smith". This means that when the function is called without providing a value for last_name, it will automatically use "Smith" as its default value. For instance, calling name("Alice") would result in last_name being "Smith" for that function invocation, while still allowing a caller to provide a custom last name if desired, such as name("Alice", "Johnson"), which would then use "Johnson" instead.

The other options illustrate different configurations of function parameters, none of which include a default value in the same manner. For instance, having a parameter without a default value means that it must always be provided when the function is called, while specifying None as a default value suggests a signal that the parameter is optional, but does not constitute a predefined constant value.